The cultivar you are planting makes a difference...big or small?
I wouldn't worry too much about arborvitae roots damaging the concrete... (Not that you asked...just sayuomg this species isn't exactly silver maple in that regard).
I wouldnt have a concert if you planted them such that the center of the tree is18" to 2' from the concrete...but is that enough clearance for the slab?
Other variables that will impact the answer:
*Expected rainfall....which shouldn't be a problem in WI. Obviuosly if there is a drought, water the trees. Otherwise beyond the first couple of years they should fend for themselves with the rain they get.
*Soil quality...sandy soil dries out a lot faster.
What is on the other side of the trees? If they have plenty of rooting space, what they lack on the concrete side is not as important.
*Competition: will grass be planted tight up to the trunk?
PROPER mulching can really make a big difference in how well a tree does. (NO volcano mulching please!). The wider the mulch area the better for the trees.
*Size of trees at transplant. Small trees are easier to start than bigger ones.